What are the two types of olfaction?

The correct answer is retronasal and orthonasal because these terms specifically describe the two primary pathways through which we perceive odors.

Orthonasal olfaction refers to the perception of smells that occurs when odor molecules are detected by the olfactory receptors in the nose as they enter through the nostrils. This is the typical way we sense fragrances in our environment, such as when we smell flowers or food from a distance.

Retronasal olfaction, on the other hand, occurs when odor molecules from food travel from the mouth to the nasal cavity while eating or drinking. This process contributes significantly to the flavor experience, allowing us to perceive complex flavors that are influenced by both taste and olfaction.

Understanding these pathways clarifies how our sense of smell interacts with our eating experience and overall sensory perception. Thus, recognizing retronasal and orthonasal as the two types of olfaction helps explain how we experience and interpret scents in different contexts.