What do 'forced-choice methods' in sensory testing require from panelists?

In sensory testing, 'forced-choice methods' require panelists to select a preferred sample when presented with multiple options. This approach is designed to minimize bias and ensures that the panelists actively engage in making a decision between the choices available to them. By requiring a choice between predetermined alternatives, forced-choice methods enhance the reliability of the results, as it compels panelists to compare and contrast the samples directly. This methodology effectively highlights differences that might not be as evident in more subjective assessments where no direct comparison is made.

The other options either do not align with the forced-choice paradigm or describe different sensory testing methods. For instance, making a judgment without alternatives or identifying sensory attributes without assistance falls outside the scope of forced-choice testing, as these methods involve evaluating samples in isolation rather than in comparison. Describing the texture of each sample also does not encapsulate the essence of forced-choice, which focuses on selection rather than verbal descriptions.