Why is water chemistry significant in coffee cupping?

Water chemistry is significant in coffee cupping primarily because it influences taste and extraction. The composition of water, including its mineral content, pH levels, and hardness, can dramatically affect how flavors are extracted from the coffee grounds during brewing. Different minerals in the water can enhance or mute specific flavor notes in the coffee, leading to variations in taste profiles.

For example, water with higher levels of calcium can improve extraction efficiency, while water that is too soft may lead to under-extraction, resulting in a flat or sour flavor. Similarly, the pH of the water can alter the acidity of the coffee; slightly acidic water can help in bringing out brightness and complexity, whereas too alkaline water might dull the flavors.

Understanding water chemistry is essential for achieving consistency in coffee quality and for fine-tuning the brewing process to highlight desired flavor attributes in coffee cupping. This makes option B the correct choice, as it directly pertains to the sensory experience of tasting coffee.